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this is echoed by previous reviews on the value and role of e-cigarettes (Morris et al., Reference Morris, Ference, Jahangir, Feldman, Ryan and Bahrami2015)
Early findings from Italy and China demonstrate that those who contracted COVID-19 and recovered still show signs of diminished lung function
This resulted in a 2.5-fold increase in aortic stiffness, a 24% lower maximal aortic relaxation in response to methacholine and a trend towards a reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction.97 Nonetheless, in humans, it seems that electronic cigarettes could be less harmful than standard cigarettes, as hypertensive patients who switched to electronic cigarettes benefited from a reduction in mean arterial blood pressure and improved pressure control.98 It should be emphasised that most of the data on the cardiovascular effects of electronic cigarettes are derived from preclinical, cross-sectional or small-sized clinical studies in which standard cigarettes were used as a comparison arm, thus providing limiting and conflicting results
Parental smoking correlates with a small but significant increase in mutations passed to children
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