& Jacob, P., 3rd
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Not all vaping is the same: differential pulmonary effects of vaping cannabidiol versus nicotine
Retrieved 18 September 2008
Indeed, albeit e-cigarettes are claimed as safer than traditional smoking, their aerosol contain metals, toxic and carcinogenic molecules and a growing body of evidence in man has been showing how their use negatively impact both cardiovascular and respiratory systems, causing elevated blood pressure, arterial stiffness, vascular endothelial dysfunction, enhanced angiogenesis, cardiorenal fibrosis, accelerated atherosclerotic plaque development, elevate levels of type 2 inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, increased cellular oxidative stress, increased airway reactivity, airflow obstruction, airway inflammation, and emphysema