Yes, even mild excess thyroid hormone boosts AFib risk
Myers, S.P
However, some individuals prefer taking it with food if they experience mild stomach discomfort
Naeini F, Zarezadeh M, Mohiti S, Tutunchi H, Ebrahimi Mamaghani M, Ostadrahimi A (2021) Spirulina supplementation as an adjuvant therapy in enhancement of antioxidant capacity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials
For the electron coupling assays, respiratory substrates (10 mM pyruvate + 2 mM malate, 10 mM succinate + 2 M rotenone, 80 M palmitoyl-carnitine or octanoyl-carnitine + 0.5 mM malate or 10 mM glutamate + 10 mM malate) were diluted in MAS buffer with BSA (70 mM sucrose, 220 mM mannitol, 10 mM KH 2 PO 4 , 5 mM MgCl 2 , 2 mM HEPES and 1 mM EGTA, pH 7.2, in 0.2% FA-free BSA) and added to mitochondria